Abstract:
Bhopal district is the central part of Madhya Pradesh and it is a fast developing region in
Madhya Pradesh, India. Groundwater is a major source of water supply for the district which
is reflected by regular extraction of groundwater through ever increasing number of municipal,
industrial and private bore wells. Levels of groundwater are generally gathered at random
points. Such studies provide early indicators of changes in groundwater resource and help to
understand how to protect it. A total of 12 bore wells were selected for the study with Phanda
and Berasia block of the district. Spatial coordinates were registered on site for each bore well
with a GPS instrument and water depth below the ground level is measured during premonsoon
and post-monsoon season using manual method. In the present study Kriging
technique was used to interpolate the groundwater levels in Bhopal district Spherical Model
was found the best fit after drawing a semi-variogram from the output of the spatial correlation
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operation. Interpolation of pre and post monsoon groundwater levels was carried out for the
year 2003 to 2013. Finally, the water table fluctuation maps were generated showing the
annual fluctuation and the areas under rising/falling trend of groundwater table were el
delineated. The results reveal that the groundwater table in the central to northwest part of
Bhopal district is declining in recent years. These maps are very useful for urban planning and
sustainable groundwater usage.
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