Groundwater recharge sources and processes in northwest India: Evidence from high frequency water isotope observations

Abstract

Water isotopes and specific electrical conductivity (SEC) are used in this paper to investigate groundwater recharge sources and processes in a catchment with a history of high groundwater abstraction for irrigation and canal irrigation. High frequency (every 10 days) samples for water stable isotope analysis (δ18O and δ2H) were sampled from a dense network of shallow (<50 m) and deep (>100 m) hand pumps and tube wells in Bist-Doab, northern Punjab between 2009 and 2014.