Abstract:
In a modern scenario, reservoir sedimentation is vital problem as every reservoir
are bound to suffer a loss in their storage capacity potential because of silt load, for
short or long period of time. For water resources planning and land & water
management system, computation of soil erosion, sediment conveyance and its
deposition in reservoir, irrigation canal, hydropower systems should be taken as top
priority. The capacity and useful life of reservoir should be known for harvesting the
maximum quantity of water in the whole year for treatment plant, irrigation,
hydroelectricity, flow balance, flood control etc. Conventional techniques used for the
evaluation of the reservoir capacity and the sedimentation in a reservoir, like inflowoutflow
technique and hydrographic survey, Integrated bathymetric survey etc are
cumbersome, clumsy, time consuming and uneconomical, and even they involve huge
manpower. An alternative of traditional methods, GIS & Remote sensing technique is
used in present work to compute the loss of storage capacity and sedimentation in
Murrumsilli reservoir situated in dhamtari district, Chhattisgarh state, India. Several
scenes of Linear Image Self Scanning (LISS III) digital data of Indian Remote Sensing
(IRS) satelliteIRS-1D/P6 have been imported and normalized difference water index
(NDWI), image rationing and slicing techniques have been implemented to detect the
water and non-water pixels from the images using Integrated Land and Water
Information System 3.0 (ILWIS 3.0), a GIS software. The revised water spread area at
various elevations has been computed which will provides the revised capacity of the
reservoir. Final results obtained by study shows that in Murrumsilli reservoir total
deposition of sedimentation is found to be 29.956 MCM and percentage loss of capacity
is equals to 18.37 % from 1923 to 2015. It also shows that rate of sediment deposit are
about 0.32 MCM/year.
