132-Water Quality Surveillance of Panchana Dam Irrigation Project (PIP), Karauli, Rajasthan.

Abstract

Water is a unique liquid, without it life is not possible. Water chemistry provide precious parameters to evaluate the environmental impact assessment of the project. Water pollution refers to degradation of water quality. In defining pollution we generally look at the intended use of the water how far it departs from the norms or standards it effects on public health or its environmental impacts. The Panchana Dam is situated 12 km. north to Karauli in the estem part of Rajasthan. Panchana Dam site falls under the eastern gravelly/rocky plateau with outliers of Aravallis and the total catchment area is about 621.60 sq. km. and the command area is about 10,606 ha. The climate of Panchana Dam area is almost semi-arid and comparatively milder with distinct winter, summer and rainy season. The summer season is from the middle of March to June, being extreme in the month of June. The present study revealed that the pH (7.6-8.3), Electrical conductivity (260-300 limhos), Total dissolve solids (169-195 ppm), Phosphate (0.121-1.939 ppm), Total alkalinity (480-650 ppm), Carbonate alkalinity (60-100 ppm),Bicarbonate alkalinity (390-610 ppm), Total hardness (92-128 ppm) Calcium hardness (22.05-37.67 ppm), Magnesium hardness (54.33-99.14 ppm), Chloride (24.14-28.4 ppm) and Acidity (2.0-4.0 ppm). In many present investigation, water in Panchana Dam irrigation project (PIP) are influenced by hydrology and related factors which causes variations in nutrients amounts present in a particular time. PIP as wetland plays an important role to develop the favourable microclimatic conditions for biodiversity as whole. The physico-chemical analysis of water samples from these area showed that, the water is within the safe limits that may be assessed by important parameters of drinking water quality seasonal variations in water quality is due to intrinsic and extrinsic factors of the aquatic system.