Abstract:
Water is a beautiful and precious gift provided by nature. Life cannot be imagined on any planet without water. It is believed that the Earth is the only planet in the entire universe where both life and water exist. We must understand the importance of water in our lives and make every possible efforts for properly use and save water. But due to our short-sightedness, availability of clean water has become the biggest problem facing the world today. In the last few decades, the water level has dropped drastically due to excessive amount of groundwater extraction in most parts of India. According to estimates made regarding water management, many parts of the country will be in the grip of water scarcity for the next decade. This water shortage will create food crisis in the country, make it difficult for industries to run, increase unemployment, migration and mutual conflict which will adversely affect the economy of the country.
To deal with this problem, along with water management, special attention should also be taken to water harvesting and ground water recharge. Depending on the region, natural or artificial techniques can be adopted for water harvesting and ground water recharge. Techniques such as check dams or nala dams, channel speeding techniques, percolation tanks, spreading basin techniques and recharge wells are the very popular techniques for ground water recharge. In agriculture, residential and industrial sectors are required special attention for water management where most of water used of our water sources. Although many efforts are being made to solve this problem by Indian government with the cooperation of non-government organizations and local bodies of the area, in many areas, positive results have been achieved, but in the fields of water harvesting, ground water recharge and water management require to work on high level priority.
