Abstract:
The state of Punjab is a major consumer of water for agricultural purposes, primarily on account of rice-wheat cropping pattern. The problem of declining water table, especially in central Punjab; deterioration in quality of groundwater on account of its excessive extraction, heavy use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides are spreading fast. High residues of pesticides found in food, fodder, water, milk, fruit and vegetables has led to many health problems. The paper discusses the problems of declining groundwater table and quality related problems of Punjab. It suggests the various techniques of rainwater harvesting and groundwater recharge to maintain the production level and water reserve of Punjab. A model of rainwater harvesting for potable water is also outlined to tackle the water quality problems. Though some of the technique described in this paper were developed for and region of Rajasthan but are equally effective for state of Punjab as well.
