Abstract:
Water level data from piezometers and observation wells were utilized to depict the prevailing water levels during pre- (in the month of June) and post -monsoon (in the month of October) in the years 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2005.
The water table depth map of June 2002, reveals that in the central portion of the study area, the water level contours of 7m to 20m appear. The water level is minimum in Adampur block of Jalandhar district, in Banga block of Nawanshahar district and a part of Garhshankar. The water level is deeper in Jalandhar district and varies between 10 to 20m except in Adampur where the water level lies at 7m. In the northern and eastern parts of the study area, the water level is deeper. The water levels are increasing as moving from west to east side of the study area. The water table depth map of the October 2002 reveals that the water level in the central portion of the study area varies between 7m and 18m. In the northeastern side of the study area, water level showed an increase of 5m from June 2002 to October 2002. This rise in the water levels in October, as compared to June, is due to the monsoonal rainfall. The water table depth map of June 2003 reveals that in the central portion of the study area, the depth to water level has increased, as compared June 2002. However, in the Northeastern region, as shown in the depth to water table map of October 2003, the water level in the northeastern side is higher than in June 2003. The area adjacent to the River Sutlej has also shown rise in post-monsoon period as compared to June 2003. In the year 2004 in pre-monsoon, the water levels in the northern and eastern side of the study area has gone deep and vary between 10 m and 60 m. In the central portion of the study area, the water level is deep and varies between 10 and 20 m. In the post-monsoon, as the depth to water table map of October 2004 depicts, the water levels showed an increase as compared to June 2004. The depth to water table map of June 2005 depicts shift in water levels ranging from 13-15m, 18m and 20m more towards the central portion of the study area indicating the decline in water levels over the years from 2002 to 2005. In the northern and eastern side of the study area the water level trend is more or less the same. In Oct.2005, rise in water table is indicated in almost all parts of the study area as compared to June 2005.
On the basis of data of elevation of water level from mean sea level during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon periods of years from 2002 to 2005, the direction of ground water flow has been depicted in Maps 10 to17. The ground water flow direction in the study area is towards south and south-west going away from the hills. In the central and western part of the study area, the ground water flow is towards west.
