SR-1/98-99 : Hydrological inventory of river basins in eastern Uttar Pradesh

Abstract

The state of Uttar Pradesh is drained by the rivers Ganga and Yamuna and their tributaries. Yamuna itself is one of the tributaries of Ganga. The northern and eastern parts are drained by the main rivers and their tributaries like Ghagra, Sharda, Sarju, Rapti, Gomati and Ramganga. In the southwest, the drainage is through the rivers Chambal, Sindh, Betwa, Ken, Tons and Sone, all of which join the river Ganga, or its tributaries. For the last century, Ganga is being continuously harnessed by constructing a network of canal system. The river Ganga anti its tributaries carry sediment, but they differ considerably in quality and quantity. The problem of sedimentation is one of the major factors, which creates flood problem in the Ganga sub-basin. Water logging, salinity and river water pollution in the Ganga sub-basin arc having adverse impact On various agricultural activities.

The sub-basins of the river Ganga and its tributaries are facing various hydrological problems. The river Ganga spills over its banks at several places. While, water logging and usar efflorescence are serious problems in the Sharda Canal Command. The soil alkalinisation is the consequent effect of water logging. The Ganga Plains North Regional Centre of National Institute of Hydrology has taken up the task to prepare Hydrological Inventory of the various sub-basins of Uttar Pradesh. It includes geographical features of the study area and a list of various hydrological data collection sites along with their locations. Sub-basin wise details of the hydrological problems are also discussed in detail. Further, the report includes various illustrations including Fluoride and Chloride in ground water, Salt affected, water logged areas and increase in Usar land.

The main objective for prep Mg the hydrological inventory of the Ganga basin is to provide information regarding availability of hydrological data and to highlight major hydrological problems of the basin. Such information may provide a useful input for water resources planning, management and research activities.