http://117.252.14.250:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/25 2026-04-21T22:13:13Z 2026-04-21T22:13:13Z Jain, M. K. http://117.252.14.250:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/692 2023-04-12T19:55:14Z 1994-01-01T00:00:00Z

TN-114 : Hydrological data book for Narmada basin (upto Bargi Dam) 1981-90 Jain, M. K. Planning and management of water resources projects require vast amount of hydrological information. Various agencies collect different type of data according to their requirements. This data is scattered among various organisations. There is a need to combine the scattered data and publish it in a consolidated form at one place. This report is an attempt to bring all the available hydrological information relating to study area together with a view to serving as a data base for hydrological community. Content for an ideal hydrological data book has also been given. The formats for the different types of data have been also prepared.

1994-01-01T00:00:00Z Khobragade, S. D. http://117.252.14.250:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/691 2025-11-13T07:09:26Z 1994-01-01T00:00:00Z

TN-113 : Thermal regime of lakes Khobragade, S. D. One of the most striking phenomenon of lakes is the relationship between water and temperature. Lakes have an extremely large capacity to accept hest owing to their large storage mass and high residence time. The temp.- water relationship is observed in the seasonal variations. Although most lakes in temperate region mix vertically twice a year, it is not so for tropical lakes because of the seasonal changes in temperature are less pronounced. However lakes in tropical region may also develop thermal stratification such as the one seen in Kumaun and Kashmir lakes of India. The thermal behaviour of lakes is a complex process. It is a complex interactions of many physical processes like radiation, evaporation, advective and convecting mixing, wind induced mixing etc. These have been discussed at length. A total heat balance of the lake has also been discussed. The study of the thermal process is important because knowledge of temperature distribution is a basic requirement for all ecological and water quality models. Temp. affects many biological and chemical processes, and affects the spread of pollution in lakes. But unfortunately in India there are no attempts to study the thermal behaviour of lakes. Apart from the Inadequate temperature data for. some Kumaun and almost no temperature data is available for any lakes. So the analysis of the thermal behaviour is Attention needs to be paid to the problem. Many describing the stratification and thermocline have Kashmir lakes, of the Indian not possible. thermal models been developed so far but are mostly for the temperate lakes and as such can not be directly applied to the Indian conditions. However, with modification they can be applied to the Indian lakes. An approach for modelling has been presented. The report also presents a thermal classification of lakes based on overturn and stratification. Bust since all Indian lakes do not show overturns this global scheme is not useful to thermally classify Indian lakes. A separate scheme of thermal classification needs to be formulated for Indian lakes which at present is not possible owing to the unavailability of temperature and other hydrometeorological data and the inadequacy of knowledge of total Indian lakes.

1994-01-01T00:00:00Z Jha, Ramakar Lohani, A. K. http://117.252.14.250:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/690 2023-04-17T16:00:31Z 1993-01-01T00:00:00Z

TN-112 : A study on waterlogging and drainage problems in Gandak river system, Bihar Jha, Ramakar; Lohani, A. K. When the soil pores in the crop root zone get saturated with water, the land is said to be waterlogged. This is usually caused by a rise of the ground watertable. Waterlogging can also be caused by excess soil moisture due to periodic flooding, overflow by runoff, over irrigation, canal seepage, artesian water and impeded subsurface drainage. Shallow water table, heavy rainfall, Perennial irrigation and flat nature of the terrain all add to the cause of waterlogging and makes drainage difficult. The most effective answer to waterlogging is a properly designed drainage system. The aim of drainage is to remove oxygen deficiency from root zone. The solution to drainage problem may involve surface drainage or subsurface drainage. Although the basic objective of surface and subsurface drainage is to provide a drier soil for plant growth the way this is achieved is quite different. The river Gandak is a perennial river with high discharge. The soil type of catchment is mostly alluvial and is suffering from drainage and waterlogging. Status of drainage and waterlogging in the river system with various remedial measures suggested/adopted by various central and state government organisations are discussed in the present report.

1993-01-01T00:00:00Z Goyal, V. C. http://117.252.14.250:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/689 2025-11-17T09:46:49Z 1993-01-01T00:00:00Z

TN-111: Data acquisition systems (DAS) for hydrological measurements Goyal, V. C. The amount of water in different phases of the hydrologic cycle and its movement from one phase to another forms the basis cc hydrological measurements. Data on various hydro-meteorological variable, e.g. precipitation, discharge, soil moisture, etc. are required for hydrological forecasting and efficient water management. Some hydrological variables, e.g. rainfall, stream flow and ground water have been measured for many years, albeit mostly for specific purposes. With the availability of cheap reliable micro-electronic devices, such as microprocessors, solid state devices, sensors based on new technologies and communication systems, measuring instruments have become much more capable and intelligent for use in many fields, including operational hydrology. The characteristics of these devices, such as low cost, low power consumption, high reliability, and toleration of a wide range of environmental conditions make them particularly suited to applications in operational hydrology. These instruments are capable of working unattended for long periods, usually in remote sites, far from mains electrical supply. In addition to the direct use of microprocessor technology in measuring instrumentation and data transmission systems, on-site data processing and analysis is also being carried out using state-of-art intelligent instruments. Data Acquisition Systems (DAS) are increasingly being used for hydrological data collection and processing. These systems provide an accurate, real-time (if required) analyses along with data collection and transmission for applications in various hydro-meteorological studies Basically, any DAS comprises of three components sensors, cat: collection system, and data transmission system. A comprehensive literature survey various DAS has been completed. The report compiles the relevant information about various DAS and hydro-meteorological sensors.

1993-01-01T00:00:00Z