Lecture-5-Water Pollution and Advanced Detection Techniques.

Abstract

Water is an essential element of earth's natural environment. All living being depend on it, in one way or another. It is one of the most important sources for drinking, irrigation and industrial purposes. Growing urbanization, rapid industrialization without proper plan, excess use of chemical fertilizers, insecticides, pesticides in agriculture field has deteriorated the quality of water, causing water pollution. In broad perspective "Pollution" means such contamination of water or such alteration of the physical, chemical or biological properties of water or such discharge of any sewage or trade effluent or of any other liquid, gaseous or solid substance into water (whether directly or indirectly) as may, or is likely to, create a nuisance or render such water harmful or injurious to public health or safety, or to domestic, commercial, industrial, agricultural or other legitimate uses, or to the life and health of animals or plants or of aquatic organisms (Govt. of India, 1974).