Health risk assessment of drinking water in Bathinda district, Punjab,India

Abstract

Water is the second most vital element on Earth, which supports the improving, but it is posing tremendous pressure on natural resources, resulting in deterioration of air, water, and soil quality. The contaminated natural resources may pose serious health problems and are threat to the nature as well as mankind. In the prese attempt has been made to evaluate the drinking water quality and its associated health risk. analyzed samples ranged from 6.65-7.43, 0.36 - 3.47 NTU, 177 were detected above the permissible limit for drinking water for all the samples, and the concentrations were μg/L, respectively. The concentration of Se, Cd, As, Be, Co, Zn, and U were in the range of μg/L, 0.022-0.286 μg/L, 0.569-0.966 μg/L, 2.402 due to trace metals indicated that 5% samples were human.