UM-26 : Physico chemical analysis of water and wastewater

Abstract

Water and waste water analysis have become increasingly important in water quality monitoring. Analytical techniques adopted for monitoring should be precise and accurate. The method should take into consideration the limitations in the developing country situations. Analytical procedures for measurement of various water quality parameters have been developed and are readily available in manuals of standard procedures. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, published jointly by the American Public Health Association, the American Water Works Association and the Water Pollution Control Federation, is well known in the field of water analysis.

The present manual is an attempt to collate and synthesize much (DI this information in a simplified form in order to serve as an aid to practical work. The analytical methods recommended in this report have been selected on the basis of their wide applicability and their general acceptability. The details of each test procedure is described as general principle, chemicals required for tests, the method of calculations and its significance.

Under 'sampling' a brief statement describes sampling precautions that may 4e required and specifies the type of container to be used. Information is also given on any preliminary treatment required. The manual also describes specific steps which must be taken both at the time of sampling and during storage to maintain the integrity of the sample.

Under 'analysis' detailed procedure and method of calculations have been given. For all the methods, the form and units of reporting values for physical and chemical quality parameters and constituents are specified. The proper number of significant figures to be used in reporting analytical measurements are specified to indicate the confidence Level that the data may expect.