प्रपत्र-2.5-मध्य गंगा घाटी में घटता भू-जल विकास स्तर - समस्याएँ एवं समाधान

Abstract

The water present in all the vacancies of a geological level below the earth plane is called ground water. There are about 300 lakh hectometers of ground water available in our country, about 80 percent of which we have used. If seen from the point of view of ground water development level, then our country is passing through a foggy possibility area, which will soon fall under the possibility less area. The same situation is in the districts of Uttar Pradesh in the Middle Ganga Valley and 10 districts (Azamgarh, Mau, Ballia, Jaunpur. Ghazipur, Chandauli, Varanasi, Sant Ravida Nagar, Mirzapur and Sonbhadra) of Purvanchal in Uttar Pradesh selected for study. The annual recharge of ground water in Uttar Pradesh in 68757 millions cubic meters. Net exploitation is 49483 million cubic meters and ground water development is 72.17 percent. If the under ground water exploitation of state is seen in the urban areas of the Middle Ganga Valley, then it has reached a dangerous situation. According to the latest report of central ground water board. Aligarh, Moradabad, Ghaziabad, Meerut, Lucknow, Barelly, Varanasi, Prayagraj, Kanpur and Agra are at the top in Urban areas in water tapping in Uttar Pradesh, where the rate of ground water exploitation are 373, 308, 203, 246, 239, 232, 201, 149, 102 and 93 respectively reached. While the safe limit is only 70 percent. Thus, a severe water crisis may arise in the study area in the near future. Therefore, to avoid this crisis, there is a need to implement an integrated water development plan for this area. The main objective of the study is to present suggestions for the solution of problems arising from the exploitation of ground water by highlighting the availability of ground water, consumption and ground water development level of selected 10 districts of the Middle Ganga Valley. In the presented study, analysis of ground water data obtained from secondary sources using analytical and critical method mechanisms has been completed.