76-Techno evaluation of various existing STPs in India - A Case study

Abstract

Technology evaluation depends upon wastewater characteristics and on the treatment objectives as translated into desired effluent quality. Effluent quality control is aimed at public health protection, preservation of the oxygen content in the water, prevention of eutrophication, prevention of sedimentation, preventing toxic compounds from entering the water and food chains and promotion of water reuse. The selection technologies should be environmentally sustainable, appropriate to the local conditions, acceptable to the user, and affordable to those who have to pay for them. Simple solution that are easily replicable, that allow further upgrading with subsequent development, and that can be operated and maintained by the local community. The Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) is a most preferred technology, as treated effluent was found to be of excellent quality & can be reused for non-potable purpose like, gardening, car washing, toilet flushing. The treated effluent from WSP, UASB and ASP is the most appropriate for irrigation as it conserve the N, P and K during treatment process. UASB with FPP is suitable when temperature inside the reactor is above 18 - 20°C and in India temperature is not a problem. The treated effluent from ASP, WSP and UASB is suitable for irrigation, while that of from FAB and SBR can be directly discharged into waterbodies / streams or can be reused.