http://117.252.14.250:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/1377 Thu, 12 Feb 2026 08:56:20 GMT 2026-02-12T08:56:20Z http://117.252.14.250:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/6283 Title: Block level Livelihood Vulnerability Index of a Himalayan district in Upper Ganga Basin Authors: Mishra, P. K.; Singh, Hemant; Thayyen, Renoj J.; Das, Swagatam; Nema, M. K.; Kumar, Pradeep Abstract: Managing climate change induced vulnerability is a challenge in the Himalayan region. The policy interventions are often not targeted due to lack of assessment and prioritization of vulnerable areas of a district/state. The intervention measures already available in the Uttarakhand Himalaya are limited due to want of huge investment and unfavorable terrain. Vulnerability must be understood as a set of socioeconomic conditions that are identifiable in relation to climate change which include natural disaster, demography, water, health, livelihood, social network, food. Combination of these factors at varying level of dominance is driving the vulnerability of a region. Therefore, identifying and grading the key factors influencing the regions vulnerability can of great help in strategizing targeted adaptive measures. The dynamic nature of climate change vulnerability depends upon both biophysical and social processes. We undertook the study at three blocks in the Rudraprayag district in the Upper Ganga Basin (UGB) using the IPCC’s Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI) approach. LVI assess the quantum of adaptive capacity, sensitivity and exposure of a region. The LVI ranges from -1 to +1 representing low to high vulnerability. To assess the vulnerability in terms of exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity, 7 major indicators and 25 sub-indicators have been considered in the study. The information for the 25 sub-indicators were drawn from questionnaire-based field survey conducted in three blocks viz. Augustmuni, Jakholi, and Ukhimath comprising of 39 villages and 128 households. The LVI values stand at 0.07, -0.18, and -0.21 for Jakholi, Ukhimath, and Augustmuni blocks respectively. The LVI values indicated that Jakholi block is highly vulnerable followed by Ukhimath and Augustmuni blocks. It has also been noted that Jakholi block is highly exposed (0.58) to climate change variability coupled with lower adaptive capacity (0.42). The exposure and adaptive capacity of Agustmuni block stands at 0.23 and 0.69. Ukhimath block although indicated a higher adaptive capacity (0.82). The sensitivity of the three blocks is more or less same. It is recommended that any adaptive measures initiated in the district should be prioritized to Jakholi block followed by Ukhimath and Augustmuni. Fri, 01 Jan 2021 00:00:00 GMT http://117.252.14.250:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/6283 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z http://117.252.14.250:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/6040 Title: A GIS based model for integrated water resources Management in an irrigation system Authors: Goel, M. K.; Jain, S. K.; Chaube, U. C. Abstract: Irrigation accounts for around 83% of the total freshwater demands in India. With limited availability of water as compared to demands, considerable improvement in efficiency of water use by different sectors, especially irrigation, is urgently required. Some of the major non-structural causes of low water use efficiency in irrigation systems include wasteful use of water by head-reach farmers, inequity and indiscipline in the irrigation system operation, lack of involvement of beneficiaries, and absence of meaningful co-ordination of multidisciplinary departments at various levels. This paper reports the development of a spatially distributed simulation model for analyzing the realtime allocation of surface water and groundwater in an irrigation command. The model is linked to GIS for considering the spatial characteristics of important agriculture-related variables and for effective presentation of results. Based on the irrigation demands, canal water availability and groundwater conditions during a week, the model optimally allocates the surface water and groundwater while maintaining the environment. Application of the model requires real-time flow of multi-disciplinary data at the control centre. Presentation of results in map form can make the general public more informed and can involve them in decision-making process. The effect of adopting various efficiency enhancement measures or other system modifications on the overall system performance can be analyzed by the model. The model application is demonstrated for the Lakhaoti branch command area under the Madhya Ganga Canal System in U.P. State, India. Sat, 01 Jan 2005 00:00:00 GMT http://117.252.14.250:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/6040 2005-01-01T00:00:00Z http://117.252.14.250:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/6039 Title: Optimization of energy requirement for operation of an irrigation system Authors: Goel, M. K.; Jain, Sharad K.; Chaube, U. C. Abstract: Agriculture sector in India accounts for nearly 80% of fresh water and 30% of energy consumption. In another developing countries also available water and energy resources are already under considerable stress and there is general realization that traditionally low efficiency of systems can no longer be accepted and needs to be improved. Thu, 01 Jan 2009 00:00:00 GMT http://117.252.14.250:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/6039 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z http://117.252.14.250:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/6038 Title: Groundwater flow modelling in a canal command of Haryana State, India Authors: Kumar, Vijay; Anandhakumar, K. J.; Goel, M. K. Abstract: Groundwater flow in part of the Western Yamuna Canal (WYC) command area in the Haryana state (India) has been simulated. An area of 7508 km2 of the total 13 543 km2 area of WYC command was selected for modelling. The groundwater in the selected area is under high stress. The block-wise ground-water development in the model area varies from 56% to 190% with 24 blocks (out of 32 blocks falling in the study area) having a groundwater development of more than 100%. The 3-D Modular Finite Difference Groundwater Flow Package MODFLOW, with Visual MODFLOW as an interface is used for model development. Conceptualization of the area was done based on the hydrogeology, bore hole lithology, the fence diagram and water level fluctuation in wells, as reported in the literature. The area is modelled as a three layer system with layer 1 representing upper phreatic aquifer, layer 2 representing confining layer and layer 3 representing confined/semi-confined aquifer. The area was discretized into 1 × 1 km grids. The eastern and southwestern side of the model area was represented by the river boundary, western side as no flow boundary and north and southern sides as flux boundaries. Major canals and drains were also simulated in the model as rivers, to account for their recharge/discharge to the groundwater system. The various model inputs, like hydrogeological parameters, areal recharge and groundwater abstraction, were assigned to the model based on the data available in literature. A total of 29 observation wells (20 in aquifer I and 9 in aquifer II) were used for model calibration. The model was run for three years (June 2002 to May 2005) consisting of 37 stress periods, with the first stress period under steady state conditions. Very good calibration is achieved for aquifer I (layer 1). But due to very limited data availability, mainly recharge and discharge, the calibration results achieved for the third layer (aquifer II) are not as good as those of layer I. The calibrated model was run further, for a period of 10 years (2005–2015) to see the impact of continuing with the present day groundwater withdrawal on the groundwater conditions in the year 2015. The results indicate that the present rate of groundwater pumping may lead to further deterioration in the groundwater situation. The results of the study will be useful to predict the sustainability of the groundwater resources of the study area and to evaluate possible management actions. Thu, 01 Jan 2009 00:00:00 GMT http://117.252.14.250:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/6038 2009-01-01T00:00:00Z